A little off topic, but if Disney wanted to, couldn't they have it like Universal, where Universal is owned by NBCUniversal, but operated by Universal Parks & Resorts. Couldn't they create a subdivision for operating the parks...
Walt Disney Parks & Resorts exists. It's the same thing.
...and then spin parks & resorts off? Wouldn't that give the parks more leeway in the budgetary department?
No, for several reasons.
1. Diversification mitigates risk. Theme park attendance, cable subscriptions, ad sales, box office performance, and toy sales can all be very volatile. By having all of them under one corporate umbrella, the segments that are performing well can prop up sluggish performance in others.
2. Parks and Resorts is already
the capital hog of The Walt Disney Company. It's not really competing with any of the other segments for investment dollars because it's really the only segment that
needs investment dollars. "Budgetary competition," at least on the capital side, is between lines of business
within Parks and Resorts (Epcot vs. DHS, WDW vs. DLR, Domestic vs. International, Parks vs. Ships, etc.).
ETA: "Capital" in this context is an accounting term referring to fixed assets. Rides, resorts, NextGen, major refurbs, etc. This is contrasted with "operating expense," which refers to things like labor, utilities, routine maintenance, etc.