I think of it this way too...
Does Big Thunder have story? It's a runaway train like the one at Six Flags here in NJ, just much better themed.
How about R&R's Aerosmith Coaster? The band gets us hooked up in a stretch limo, and we travel through cutouts to the gift shop.
How about Space Mountain? We blast off and... Well, we get rattled around on a coaster in the dark.
Guardians certainly attempts to have more of a story than these coasters, but does it really matter?
How many people really care?
It's a coaster, have a great time - and enjoy the visuals.
The things that make Disney and Universal special are theme and story (the two concepts intertwine). A fun coaster with bad or nonexistent theming or storyline is a win for Six Flags. It is absolutely not a win for Disney, especially when the coaster was designed by Vekoma and the songs are pre-existing pop songs from the 70s and 80s - the ONLY thing Disney brings to the table in that scenario, the thing that a bulk of its huge price tag payed for, is the theming and story.
A ride defines the terms on which its narrative is taken. The theming on Big Thunder is impeccable while the story is incredibly simple - you are on a run away mine train. It establishes the terms on which the guest should understand it and then succeeds gloriously at meeting those terms. The storyline for RnR is more elaborate put still very clear - you watch Aerosmith rehearse, they invite you to a concert, and you zoom through a stylized LA to get there on time.
Spider-Man offers a perfectly executed theme park attraction storyline. First, lets consider tone. Spider-Man's tone is very silly. That's perfect. It is based on the Spider-Man CARTOONS, not the comics or films. Indeed, even if it were based on the classic Lee/Ditko/Romita comics that made Spidey a cultural icon, the tone would still fit very well. It hits many of the beats you'd expect - JJJ is cheap, arrogant, domineering, and comical, Spidey is overworked and surviving by the skin of his teeth. Even the climax, with its multi-story tumble and last minute save via web net, evokes a mythic emotional beat from the most famous Spider-Man story ever published, the Death of Gwen Stacy. Compare that to GotG. The aesthetic and story presented by the queue and loading area is clean, organized, militaristic - completely at odds with the anarchic, mercenary, jury-rigged, rust-covered spirit of the property. It may work as a Nova Corp ride, but its a million miles from a Guardians attraction. The Guardians series has a big heart, with strong emotional throughlines about the loss of family and the formation of new, unconventional family structures ("He may be your Father, boy, but he wasn't your Daddy"). CR seemed like it was setting that up and then... abandoned it completely.
Almost all of the objections to Spider-Man's story mentioned above are explicitly answered by the ride itself or are such standard elements of cartoon and comic storytelling. Guests are cub reporters (just as they are Resistance recruits on RotR or intergalactic travelers on Star Tours - this is a standard theme park narrative trope) tasked with covering the evening's events because all JJJ's other reporters have either "abandoned ship" or are "trapped out there." Jonah's frantic reaction to Spidey causes guests to almost collide with a dump truck (driven by Stan Lee) but instead they swerve into a warehouse where they encounter the Sinister Six. In trying to escape, they get flushed down a storm drain. Ultimately, Spidey defeats the Six by slamming Hobgoblin with the ride vehicle, causing Hydro-Man and Electro to crash into each other and short circuit, and kicking Ock off a roof. The only villains we don't explicitly see captured is Shriek, and no one cares about Shriek - she's only there to have a symbiote in the ride because symbiotes were hot at the time. Most of the other objections can be answered by the fact that this is a ride based on a cartoon based on a comic and it nails the fun, silly tone and the tropes of the genre perfectly.
Honestly, defend CR all you want, but don't try and pretend its mess of a story is in any way comparable to Spider-Man's very well done narrative.