Not by the term 'furlough' - What furlough really means is up to the employer... and normally it's a form of limbo meaning you're not unemployed, so you could be blocked from getting state benefits, etc. But in this crisis the government has stepped in and temporarily made all the rules to 'if you aren't working - you are eligible for unemployment' and the fed gave a big chunk to all the states to make it more viable.
If you aren't working - the employer normally isn't going to pay you unless you are specifically on paid leave. Anything they do (like Disney did) is totally optional by the employer. Furlough is just a purgatory state usually used so the employer/employee relationship isn't severed and doesn't need to be reestablished when started back up. Continuity of services, etc is usually a reason to do so.
In this situation, the furloughed workers were allowed to file for unemployment benefits (understand, that is a per state program here). Unemployment pay varies, but typically gives you an amount of money based on your prior wages while you look for new work. In this crisis, the fed went in and gave everyone a lift in the max benefits unemployment pays because typically (especially for higher wage workers) it pays out crap.
The TLDR is - unlike UK, no one is garunteed anything... just they can work with whatever their state unemployment model is. And in this crisis, the fed has stepped in with big backing money to boost who can apply, and what they get in the state unemployment systems.