It's not just because it's been politicized. The US economy didn't shut down from the plague, small pox, ebola and e.coli.
Well...I suppose it depends on how you define shut down and US. By the time Europeans came to the New World, small pox had already been endemic for thousands of years. When Ramesses V's mummy was unwrapped in 1898, his corpse bore the scars of smallpox. He died around 1145BC. So we're talking about thousands of years of exposure before any Europeans ever set foot in the New World.
Smallpox arrived in the New World by by 1520. What date shall we use for the start of the US? Declaration of Independence was signed July 1776, the name "United States" was declared Sept 9, 1776, the revolution ended with the peace Treaty of Paris signed September 1783.
For simplicity, we'll use simply: 1776. By the time the US was created, smallpox had already been in the NW for over 250 years, though it didn't reach parts of what are now the lower 48 states until the 1770's.
If we look to the arrival of smallpox arrived in the Americas, smallpox did indeed do a pretty thorough job of shutting down the economy.
The Pre Columbian Taino population was at least 60,000. By 1548, the population of Hispaniola was below 500. So, uh, I think we can say it had a major impact on the local economy.
In 1520, Spanish forces landed at Veracruz, Mexico. They unwittingly brought an African slave infected with smallpox. By mid-October HALF the population of of the Aztec capital city of Tenochtitlan was dead, including the king and most of his senior advisors. By the time Cortes made his fail assault, dead bodies lay scattered all over the city. So, um, I think that = devastating the local economy.
In the 1760's .William Trent gave the world the gift of biological warfare! He knowingly and intentionally gifts smallpox infected blankets to Native peoples at a meeting at Fort Pitt. That spring and summer native populations in the area were hit by a smallpox outbreak, but it is unclear how successful the attempt was. Smallpox certainly had an impact on local economy, but didn't wipe out the local native population.
In the 1770's, smallpox was the first European disease to hit the native population of the Northwest region.. It killed approximately 11,000 Western Washington Indians, reducing the population form about 37,000 to 26,000. By 1850, the native population had been reduced to 9,000 people; though by then they had bee hit by multiple diseases like measles and the flu. (according to The Coming of the Sprit of Pestilence by Robert Boyd) when the Commander Vancouver explored the Puget sound area, he discovered numerous completely abandoned villages. I think it is fair to say, completely abandoned villages = significant impact on the local economy.
When was the last time the US had a major outbreak of the plague?
It was in 1924. It lasted 2 weeks and killed approximately 30 people. The city contained it via a rapid effort to exterminate rodents citywide, and a brutal quarantine boundary around the area of the outbreak. The area was patrolled by WWI vets who shot any dog, cat, chicken they saw. People who lived there weren't allowed to leave. People who died weren't immediately burned- no wake, no funeral. By 1925, some 2,500 structures were destroyed, and the entire "Macy Street District" neighborhood had been eradicated. Owners of these properties were not compensated. So, um, if you lived in that part of LA?
Ebola never really came to the US. We had a total of 2 cases that were contracted in the US.
And E.Coli isn't an infectious disease. Most people healthily co-exist with E.coli living in their gut to help them digest their food. A few strains are harmful, but they aren't generally spread person to person; they are usually contracted by eating contaminated foods or maybe like changing a diaper and not washing one's hands.