So if you do some research, you see that, in the not too distant past, a CEO made no more than 20 times what the average salary of a person working for that company made. e.g. if the average is 25,000, then the CEO usually did not make more than 500,000. Now, the margin is over 400 times the average salary! Bob Iger's pay is a whopping 557 times greater than the average salary that a Disney employee makes - $56,800 - according to payscale.com. I, for one, think that CEO pay has gotten way out of hand, and needs to be reined in. Oh, and just for comparison, Warren Buffet's salary is only 490,000 per year, or only 9 times his companies average. Maybe more companies should follow HIS lead! Oh wait, they won't, because the good 'ol boy network says that, hey make me CEO today, and I'll get you a CEO position over here, and we'll vote each other outrageous salaries, and laugh all the way to our private islands in the Carribean!
I'm going to jump in here not to dispute or disagree with any of this, but to give a few thoughts on just how tough regulating business is. And I'm going to try to do this without tipping my hand as to what my personal views are, because they aren't relevant to the points I'm trying to make.
Assume for a moment that most of the public agrees with you that CEO pay is ridiculous. Assume also that the regulators and politicians agree with this. And assume that the CEOs who are receiving this pay are not getting it by doing anything illegal, deceitful, or underhanded. Instead, they are negotiating with the board of directors and getting these huge pay packages with all kinds of incentive pay tied to stock price the way anybody else negotiates the price of their services -- they just happen to be "winning" the negotiations.
Government has a lot things it could do to intervene in this situation:
1) Jawbone and speechify but otherwise let the market operate. Shareholders do have the power to change this, although it is very difficult to wield. Doing this continues the American tradition of free markets, but tries to alert the public to what's happening and puts a bit of pressure on companies to change.
2) Make changes to make it easier for shareholders to wield the power they already have. This involves changes to corporate governance regulations and securities law. Such rule changes invariably have unintended consequences and must go a rigorous process to be enacted.
3) Force companies to at least disclose the level of CEO pay, comparisons to average workers, etc. This tries to leverage off the "full and fair disclosure" regime that allows investors to make choices not to invest in companies that do things they don't agree with.
4) Impose some sort of a "luxury tax" on compensation that is considered "excessive". This makes paying CEOs huge amounts even more expensive. This could be done by declaring compensation over a certain amount not tax deductible for the company, by requiring some sort of penalty tax to be paid, or by imposing a very high tax rate on the CEOs who receive such "excessive" salaries. These and similar structures seek to make huge compensation packages more expensive without actually making them illegal, hoping that by changing the cost dynamics, the markets will then work to moderate compensation packages. This is the major league baseball approach and would require an act of congress.
5) Require "large" compensation packages to go through a shareholder vote in order to be paid. This would be a method that, instead of trying to give shareholders the ability to use authority they already have, would explicitly give shareholders new authority. This could be enhanced if need be by not allowing insider votes to count in the matter of executive pay.
6) Actually limit CEO pay, either in terms of dollars, percentage of revenue, comparison to what others in the company make, an index related to profitability or growth of the company, or some combination of factors. Doing this would require an act of Congress, as no regulator has the authority today (except for banks and insurance companies), and would require decisions on what factors to base the limits on, how variable compensation (like stock options and other equity awards) should be valued, etc. This the "salary cap" approach, and the cap could be hard (like the NFL) or soft (like the NBA).
7) Limit the ability of companies who pay CEOs excessively to do business with the government, or to obtain other benefits from the government, such as pension benefit guarantees, flood insurance, research funding, etc.
So, the question then, presuming that a significant majority agrees that CEO pay should be reined in, is how best to bring that about. The alternatives laid out above represent the major categories of things that could be done, although they certainly don't include everything. They all have significant policy implications and significant drawbacks.
So what's a true and honest public servant to do? I don't think there's an easy answer that hasn't already been tried.