The thing is, somthing like the Twighlight Zone is most of mainstream America know about it and gets the concept.
If you say "what is the Twighlight Zone" to somone on the street, chances are pretty high you will get somthing like "a freak place where weird things happen" They wont know particular episodes but they get the concept. All that ToT uses is the concept. You are on an elevator, it gets hit by lightning, and goes "somewhere freaky". Yes there are some elements in the ride that are specific to the show, like the vertical hold collapse, but if you did not know about that, you would at least think it was a cool effect and it "fits" the spooky theme.
Lets say they made a Narnia ride. You may not know the whole story, but you see people with swords and armor and various fantasy creatures and you can pretty much peice together "fantasy world, battels, magic, queen/king/prince/princess" and "get" the concept
Now, picture you are someone who is not a fan of lost. Maybe you have heard of it, maybe you have even watched an episode. You know its about people lost on an island. Maybe you even know there are some "odd" things on the island. But details as you list above would be quite confusing to a person who is not a "lostie"
If we were in the 1960's and maybe in England, I would suggest a ride based on "The Prisoner" would be interesting and viable. Not many people know about that show now, but if you were in a village in a ride vehicle trying to escape, and some person kept stopping you, and some freaky looking white plastic garbage bag looking things chased you around, any a lound speaker kept saying "why did you resign Number Six?" and some speaker in the ride vehicle would yell "I am a man, not a number" you would at least get the gist of it.
Heck, The Simpsons did an episode based on it. Most people got it, but had no idea about the original show.
You may be able to create a LOST ride that works, but it would not be able to have much specific information from the show, or else us "commoners" would not get it.
-dave