Let's consider what it means to
impair a contract:
This term applies to any law that will lessen the value or decrease the enforceability of a contract or an agreement.
Contract impairment is addressed by Art. I, § 10 of the U.S. Constitution:
no State shall pass any bill of attainder, ex post facto law, or law impairing the obligation of contracts.
As noted in
Von Hoffman v. City of Quincy, the U.S. Supreme Court found:
It is competent for the States to change the form of the remedy, or to modify it otherwise, as they may see fit, provided no substantial right secured by the contract is thereby impaired.
Thus, from a Constitutional perspective, it can be argued that the State of Florida or a local county has a right to alter (or payoff) bonds issued by RCID, as long as "no substantial right secured by the contract is thereby impaired."
We also have to consider what the state of Florida promised when it passed the
Reedy Creek Act:
Section 56. Pledge by the State of Florida to the Bond Holders of the District and to the Federal Government.-The State of Florida pledges to the holders of any bonds issued under this Act that it will not limit or alter the rights of the District to own, acquire, construct, reconstruct, improve, maintain, operate or furnish the projects or to levy and collect the taxes, assessments, rentals, rates, fees, tolls, fares and other charges provided for herein and to fulfill the terms of any agreement made with the holders of such bonds or other obligations, that it will not in any way impair the rights or remedies of the holders, and that it will not modify in any way the exemption from taxation provided in the Act, until all such bonds together with interest thereon, and all costs and expenses in connection with any action or proceeding by or on behalf of such holders, are fully met and discharged.
One way to do this is to create a new district that issues new bonds to pay off bonds that were previously issued by RCID.
Ultimately, this is a matter of legal interpretation. Does this "substantially" impair the contract?