I believe you can stop by City Hall or Chamber of Commerce and they'll have a schedule of characters for the day and where they will be meeting. The DL and DCA times guides hardly list any characters besides the main places for meet and greets, Mickey and Minnie's Houses, Princess Fantasy Faire, Brave, Pixie Hollow, Rapunzel, Pooh, and DCA only Buena Vista Streets is listed.
Not a complete list but from memory and recent sightings.
Main Street's Town Square usually has a good variety and usually reappear after fireworks. Mickey and Minnie, Pluto, Goofy, Chip and Dale, Mary and Bert, Queen of Hearts, Cruella, Foulfellow and Gideon, Pinocchio and Gepetto.
Mickey Floral, is usually Alice and Hatter with a mix of characters. Sometimes they are doing the show with the Disneyland Band.
Coke Corner when they do the musical chairs thing Alice, Hatter, Dee, Dum, Peter Pan, and random villain.
Castle(it might be different now that the construction is going on) Peter Pan, random Princess, Suzy and Perla, Mary and Bert and the Pearly band(more a show than a meet and greet)
Aladdin's Oasis, Aladdin, Jasmine and Genie(usually there is no line as the area is very secluded)
Big Thunder Ranch Jamboree is a great place to get a lot of characters with little to no wait but they are kinda random(Mickey, Minnie, Chip, Dale, Goofy, Pluto, Carabelle, Horace Horsecollar, Clara Cluck, and the Country Bears.
Tomorrowland, you can sometimes catch a pair of Stormtroopers walking around near Star Tours to Space, kinda doing meet and greets but really just "patrolling"
Buena Vista Street, Mickey, Pluto, Chip and Dale, and Goofy. They usually have a photopass CM with them.
Hollywood Land, Handy Manny, Jake, Mr. Incredible, Mrs. Incredible, Frozone, Sulley, I've also seen Stitch.
Condor Flats, Avatior Minnie. Photopass
Paradise Pier, Duffy, Sailor Donald, Woody, Buzz, Jessie, I think all have photopass.
Cars Land, Red, Lighting Mc Queen, and Mater. Lighting and Mater rotate. Red usually has a minimal line he's off near the walkway to bugs land. All 3 have photopass.
Dancin' with Disney at least for the summer has a great set of characters to dance with but not really to get photos with. There are two sets of rare characters
Villians- Queen of Hearts, Captain Hook, Smee, Big Bad Wolf, King John, Sheriff of Nottingham Cruella, and Jarfar.
Disney Ladies- Clara Cluck, Lilo, Clarice, Carabelle, Anastasia, Drizella, Marie, and Daisy.