Math time
Some news from the manufacturers today. Pfizer and Moderna confirmed they will ramp up to a level of 50M doses a month by March. That allows them to hit the targets of 100M by March (120M for Pfizer), 200M by May and 300M by July. Everything still on track from them. In addition JnJ confirmed 20M doses available in March and confirmed they will hit their target for 100M doses by end of June. The news of less than 10M JnJ doses by end of April has been completely debunked at this point. Best to listen to the actual companies and not the political talking heads. Also recent studies suggest that the first dose of Pfizer and Moderna may actually be close to 90% effective. That being said when talking about preventing spread and moving toward herd immunity we can actually probably focus more on how many people have at least 1 shot instead of only counting people with 2 doses.
So as of right now the doses distributed by Pfizer and Moderna have gone roughly 70/30 1st shot vs 2nd shot. Assuming the deliveries ramp up through the end of March that is likely to continue (might get even more skewed towards first shots). Once delivery levels stabilize it should move towards 50/50 about a month later so likely end of April. So far of the 64M doses delivered 44M went to first doses while 20M went to 2nd shots. If we assume Pfizer and Moderna hit targets and deliver 220M doses by 3/31 and we assume the same 70/30 split that means 154M first doses and 66M 2nd. When you add in 20M doses from JnJ that‘s enough doses for 174M Americans to have at least 1 shot in them. That’s 52% of the population or if you only count adults 18+ 70% of all adults. Fully vaccinated with 2 shots (including JnJ single shot vaccine) is 86M or 26% of the whole population and 34% of adults.
The naysayers at this point will be quick to point out that doses delivered don‘t equal doses distributed and also that it takes 2 weeks after the dose to reach immunity. This is true, but its not as big an impact as some people like to make it out. We are currently on a pace where all unused doses would be used up in just over a week if the shipments stopped. So while there is a timing lag it’s only a fraction of the total doses or the ones that were delivered the last week or 2. Another way to look at it is within a few weeks of 3/31 these numbers hold true as administered not just delivered.
On herd immunity there was some talk initially of reaching a level of herd immunity with 40-60% of the population immune. While more recent narratives push 70 or 80% the truth is we don’t really know. If the 40-60 is accurate and if we have 52% of the population vaccinated then it’s possible we reach a level of herd immunity as early as the first 2 weeks of April
Someone may be quick to point out that the vaccines aren’t 100% effective so you need more people vaccinate to account for the 10 to 15% not immune, but we also know by end of March we will likely have 10% of the population “naturally immune” from testing positive and at least another 10% who are immune but never got tested. There is a great deal of overlap between Covid positive people and vaccinated people so I don’t think it’s appropriate to just add 20% to the vaccination number. As a conservative estimate I am assuming a wash between the people vaccinated that aren’t immune and the people not vaccinated who are naturally immune. If that’s the case and we hit the vaccine delivery targets roughly half the population will no longer be effective carriers. No clue if that means herd immunity or not but it’s a pretty nice number
Even if that’s not enough to reach herd immunity, it’s certainly enough to make a huge impact on cases. We should at a minimum significantly decrease spread. One other aspect to consider is the speed of the rollout to the general public. Dr Fauci caved to political pressure and revised his estimate that the vaccines would be available to the general public by April and bumped it back to June. I think this math (if the deliveries happen) proves his initial date of April was much more accurate. If there are enough doses that 174M people got at least 1 dose by the end of March and we assume a 20% rate of vaccine rejection that means 217M Americans would have had to be offered the first shot. As far as I know we don’t have that many people in the 65+, 16-64 with health conditions and essential worker groups. We only have 250M adults overall so how could it be possible that 217M of the 250M adults were offered the vaccine but it’s still not open to the general public. Seems to me that if we hit targets on deliveries we will run out of willing participants in the priority groups long before June and likely “open season” will begin for the general public in April at the latest.