"New" Resort View = Former Standard View (e.g., parking areas, rooftops), plus some former Garden/Woods View
"New" Water View = Former Lake/Pool View, plus some former Garden/Woods View (e.g., facing quiet pools)
(Some hotels will have additional categories based on location, e.g., theme park views.)
They are phasing out Standard View and I'm not sure why it's still even displaying, but WDW is notoriously slow to update its website. If you did have the choice, however, and it's cheaper, there's no reason not to book Standard View, since as you noted, paying more for Resort View won't guarantee you don't get a rooftop or parking lot view.
Apropos of nothing, we visited in August and had booked Garden View at Yacht Club, many months prior to the change. Disney arbitrarily re-designated our reservation as "Resort View" after they retooled the room categories, and I was concerned that we'd get assigned one of the less desirable standard views, and I'd have to ask for a new room (or a refund of what we'd paid for the view upgrade from standard to garden). Happily, that wasn't an issue. Not only did we not get stuck in a former-standard room, but we received an unsolicited "pixie dust" upgrade, and were assigned a room with a beautiful view of Crescent Lake!