Hi there! Disneyland regular here!
I'll help ya out as best I can!
1) This one I can't answer for ya, seeing as how I drive up from San Diego, I just don't know.
2) Disneyland has some great restaurants. For one of the facier ones, don't miss the Blue Bayou restaurant INSIDE Pirates of the Caribbean. Definitely an experience! Reservations are now officially required, so be sure to call ahead because you can't just walk in anymore. (You really couldn't before, anyways, because it was usually pretty busy) Also, one thing few people know is that if you want a seat by the water, just ask! Usually they are willing to accommodate, as long as you are willing to wait a little bit longer. Other good restaurants... there's an Italian place at Downtown Disney across from World of Disney that's pretty good. There's always diners within walking distance, so if you wanna save a little cash without eating fast food, just head out past all the resort trams (to the left as you exit Disneyland Park) and cross the street, there's plenty of places like Denny's there.
3) Outside DL, there's Knotts Berry Farm and Universal, both of which are excellent. Universal is a bit more of a drive away (up in Hollywood, so you gotta deal with LA traffic) but if you're interested, it is worth the drive, IMHO. Also nearby, just a little ways south, is the Santa Ana Zoo. I guess I'm just biased there cause I'm an animal person.
4) Shows and parades I definitely know, they're my favorite part! First and foremost, if you're there on either Fri/Sat/Sun, don't miss Fantasmic! It is absolutely amazing, and much much much mor impressive than WDW's version. It's playing on weekends year round now. If at all possible, try to get a seat near the front, it's even more impressive close up! You really get a good feel for the size of it all. As far as I know, Believe There's Magic in the Stars will not be running in January.
But if by any chance it does, it's a beautiful fireworks show. Parade of the Stars is OK. Not great, but ok. If you really want an experience, try getting picked to be in it.
They head down the parade route starting at about an hour or 45 min before step off to pick the guest performers. Over on the DCA side of things, don't miss Aladdin! It's an absolutely wonderful show, one of the best stage shows Disney's put on in the theme parks. Also, if you're there on a weekend, they have the ever-wonderful Electrical Parade (now called Disney's Electrical Parade as it is no longer on Main Street). If there's two showings of Fantasmic, it is pretty easy to watch the Electrical Parade over at DCA, then head over to Disneyland Park and catch the second Fantasmic showing (assuming you have a park hopper
)
Hope this helps!!!
-Kirsten