21stamps
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The Physics Club: Roller-Coaster Designs & More...
- Thread starter spacemt354
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Pi on my Cake
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Rollercoaster Physics Part 2: Friction
So, now let's talk about friction. You all know the basics. Run your hand against something and you feel resistence. If you rub your hand against something rough, you feel a lot of resistence. Something smooth, a little resistence. You may not even feel the resistence sometimes if it is really smooth (like ice), but it is there. What causes this resistence?
Well, nothing is actually smooth. Not even mirrors or ice or things like that. You may not be able to feel or see any roughness, but it is there at the molecular level.
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
The more rough a material or object is on the molecular level, the more rough it will be visibly and thehigher the coefficient of friction will be.
The Coefficient of Friction is how we calculate the effects of friction in equations. The lower the coefficient of friction is, the less the effects of friction are. The two boxes below were pushed with the same amount of force, the only difference is the coefficient of friction.
Static vs. Kinetic friction
Now, it takes more force to cause an object to start moving than it does to keep an object moving. Why is this? Well, when stationary, the molecules "settle" into each other. Thus, It takes more force to get the molecules out of the rut they've fallen into.That is why we have two different coefficients of friction: static and kinetic. Static is for stationary objects (since they are "settled") and kinetic is for objects in motion (since they are not)
The left picture above is in motion (and thus has less friction since it uses the coefficient of kinetic friction). The right picture above is stationary and settles (and thus has more friction since it uses the coefficient of static friction).
But how does weight of an object effect friction? What does all this mean in practical and/or mathematical terms? How does this relate to rollercoaster design? Who stole the capers!?!
Find out in part 3! (coming soon)
So, now let's talk about friction. You all know the basics. Run your hand against something and you feel resistence. If you rub your hand against something rough, you feel a lot of resistence. Something smooth, a little resistence. You may not even feel the resistence sometimes if it is really smooth (like ice), but it is there. What causes this resistence?
Well, nothing is actually smooth. Not even mirrors or ice or things like that. You may not be able to feel or see any roughness, but it is there at the molecular level.
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
The more rough a material or object is on the molecular level, the more rough it will be visibly and thehigher the coefficient of friction will be.
The Coefficient of Friction is how we calculate the effects of friction in equations. The lower the coefficient of friction is, the less the effects of friction are. The two boxes below were pushed with the same amount of force, the only difference is the coefficient of friction.
Static vs. Kinetic friction
Now, it takes more force to cause an object to start moving than it does to keep an object moving. Why is this? Well, when stationary, the molecules "settle" into each other. Thus, It takes more force to get the molecules out of the rut they've fallen into.That is why we have two different coefficients of friction: static and kinetic. Static is for stationary objects (since they are "settled") and kinetic is for objects in motion (since they are not)
The left picture above is in motion (and thus has less friction since it uses the coefficient of kinetic friction). The right picture above is stationary and settles (and thus has more friction since it uses the coefficient of static friction).
But how does weight of an object effect friction? What does all this mean in practical and/or mathematical terms? How does this relate to rollercoaster design? Who stole the capers!?!
Find out in part 3! (coming soon)
I totally sick of being stalked by 21 stamps. There is not a square inch of this forum that I can go to and her not be there! The only reason she is even here is because she is stalking me. As soon as I starting posting on this forum, she pops up. Total sicko
That...can't be? Really? I wouldn't worry about it. If anything happens we'll defend you, but I haven't really seen that here yet.
Oh yes!! She stalks me constantly. So, just know all of her posts are fake and phony here. Otherwise, she would have posted in Imagineering a long time ago. The only reason she is here is because she has a sick obsession with me. So, I am just putting it out there because I hate seeing the guys here get played by a nasty poster with an ulterior motive.
21stamps
Well-Known Member
Wait, what? Am I in the twilight zone?lol
I'm pretty sure my posting history is public...
I'm also pretty sure that there's several threads where I talk about my love of roller coasters. We have a Cedar Fair Platinum pass and WDW Platinum pass. Don't know what else I can say about that...
I feel a little disappointed in myself for even responding to such ridiculous accusations, but oh well.
I'm pretty sure my posting history is public...
I'm also pretty sure that there's several threads where I talk about my love of roller coasters. We have a Cedar Fair Platinum pass and WDW Platinum pass. Don't know what else I can say about that...
I feel a little disappointed in myself for even responding to such ridiculous accusations, but oh well.
21stamps
Well-Known Member
Next thing I'm embarrassed about.. I literally almost touched ran my hand along the wall when reading this.lolRollercoaster Physics Part 2: Friction
So, now let's talk about friction. You all know the basics. Run your hand against something and you feel resistence. If you rub your hand against something rough, you feel a lot of resistence. Something smooth, a little resistence. You may not even feel the resistence sometimes if it is really smooth (like ice), but it is there. What causes this resistence?
Well, nothing is actually smooth. Not even mirrors or ice or things like that. You may not be able to feel or see any roughness, but it is there at the molecular level.
http://data:image/jpeg;base64,/9j/4...nteRrs58SatKlI2RgkYRQBYCwGgHZ3Cs0pUmYpSlAf//Z http://data:image/jpeg;base64,/9j/4...nteRrs58SatKlI2RgkYRQBYCwGgHZ3Cs0pUmYpSlAf//Z
The more rough a material or object is on the molecular level, the more rough it will be visibly and thehigher the coefficient of friction will be.
The Coefficient of Friction is how we calculate the effects of friction in equations. The lower the coefficient of friction is, the less the effects of friction are. The two boxes below were pushed with the same amount of force, the only difference is the coefficient of friction.
Static vs. Kinetic friction
Now, it takes more force to cause an object to start moving than it does to keep an object moving. Why is this? Well, when stationary, the molecules "settle" into each other. Thus, It takes more force to get the molecules out of the rut they've fallen into.That is why we have two different coefficients of friction: static and kinetic. Static is for stationary objects (since they are "settled") and kinetic is for objects in motion (since they are not)
The left picture above is in motion (and thus has less friction since it uses the coefficient of kinetic friction). The right picture above is stationary and settles (and thus has more friction since it uses the coefficient of static friction).
But how does weight of an object effect friction? What does all this mean in practical and/or mathematical terms? How does this relate to rollercoaster design? Who stole the capers!?!
Find out in part 3! (coming soon)
Great post!
Awww! @spacemt354, thank you so much. I feel so much better now. {{{{BIG HUGS}}}} It means the world to me that you are here for me. And, thanks for making me smile even though I don't know what I am quite looking at. But, hey it rolls!!!Alright, well we will see what we can do about that.
For now, don't let it get you down
Anyway, I fell in love with Imagineering the first time I posted here. You do such a great job of keeping this forum together. Everyone here treats each other with respect and like family here. And, I don't want to see this forum lose that because of that poster.
That poster is not genuine at all about her motives for being here. So, don't be fooled, she is stalking me and that is the only reason, she is here. She is just using you, your thread and the other posters. And, I utterly despise that because you know that I totally adore you and the Imagineering forum. And, you don't deserve that.
It's no problem. Just so you know if someone is bothering you, you can put them on ignore. And their posts disappear and you won't have to worry anymore. It might really help you in this situation. I wouldn't want to see this be an awkward issue.
Hopefully this can be put to bed with that and we can go back to our regular scheduled programming
So you lost your momentum?
kmbmw777
Well-Known Member
I gained it. My class lost it
I think @Pionmycake 's Friction sessions have inadvertently caused actual friction
"Well that's odd..." - Newton
kmbmw777
Well-Known Member
-9.8 m/s^2"Well that's odd..." - Newton
21stamps
Well-Known Member
No friction..just extreme shock and amazement.I think @Pionmycake 's Friction sessions have inadvertently caused actual friction
I am not a physicist..I just love roller coasters, amusement rides, and am in awe at the process behind it. Therefore, I don't have any studies to add..just following along for the infotainment.
